公共规制中的信息工具

The Information Tool in Public Regulation

规制工具的选择对决策起关键作用。与传统规制工具相比,信息工具有独特的功能优势。其正确使用不仅能推进公平交易,促使交易主体自律,促进规制制度实施,而且成本较低。但学界对此的理论研究尚显欠缺,需要对信息工具能否以及如何在规制中运用进行研究,以构建信息工具的理论框架。公共机构也较少运用信息工具视角对规制进行充分检视,导致规制过程中信息工具使用缺失、不当或错误,因此需要基于合适与匹配原则,尽可能扩大信息工具使用范围,修正信息工具使用的不当或错误。

The selection of regulatory tools plays a crucial role in decision-making.Compared with traditional regulatory tools,information has distinct functional advantages.Its proper use not only encourages fair dealing and self-discipline among the parties to a transaction as well as the implementation of regulatory institutions,but also lowers costs.But theoretical studies are still lacking;we need research on whether and how we can employ this tool in public regulation to construct a theoretical framework for it.Public institutions also seldom adopt an information tool perspective to fully review regulation,resulting in its absence or misuse in the regulatory process.Thus,in accordance with the principles of suitability and matching of tools and goals,we need to widen the sphere in which this tool is used and correct its inappropriate or mistaken use.