地面大气电场资料在强对流天气预报中的应用

Application of Atmospheric Electric Field Data in Severe Convective Weather Forecasting

利用大气电场仪对2008年6～10月天津地面大气电场变化进行连续监测。讨论晴空、稳定型降水、飑线和暴雨天气下地面大气电场强度特点,结合新一代多普勒天气雷达资料和闪电定位资料,对2008年9月4日飑线过程和2008年7月14日暴雨过程进行分析。结果发现:大气电场仪曲线在雷暴发生前15～50min剧烈变化,在强对流天气的雷电监测中有明显的指示作用。结合雷达资料和闪电定位仪资料能够提高雷电预警和短时临近预报的准确率,多站点的大气电场仪数据能够扩大雷暴监测范围并且判断雷暴云移动路径。

Electric field instruments were used to measure the electric fields on the ground from June to October 2008 in Tianjin.The variations of the electric fields under such weather conditions as clear sky,stable rainfall,squall line,and heavy rainfall are discussed and analyzed.Combining with Doppler radar and lightning positioning data,the squall line process on 4 September 2008 and the rainstorm process on 14 July 2008 are analyzed.It is found that the atmospheric electric field data,which exhibit a jitter 15 to 45 minutes before the occurring of a thunderstorm,are highly indicative in strong convective weather monitoring and early warning;the combined use of radar and lightning positioning data can effectively improve the accuracy of thunder and lightning warning and forecasts;the multi-point atmospheric electric field detection can expand the monitoring range,and the electric field data can be used to determine the path of thunderstorms.