南水北调东线一期工程血吸虫病监测预警研究 Ⅰ钉螺扩散监测点布局研究

Study on surveillance and early-warning system of schistosomiasis in first phase of east route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project Ⅰ Layout of Oncomelania hupensis surveillance sites

目的确定南水北调东线一期工程钉螺监测范围和监测点布局。方法通过资料收集和现场调查分析南水北调东线一期工程监测范围内水源河道、输水河道工程布置和钉螺分布情况;以秩和比综合评估法对各监测河段和监测点进行钉螺扩散风险评估;用GPS和Google地图描述南水北调东线一期工程钉螺监测布局。结果南水北调东线一期工程钉螺监测范围包括水源河道6个河段、输水河道4个河段及16个监测点,监测面积为640.66hm2。秩和比综合评估法表明,水源河道中芒稻河秩和比最高(2.17)、输水河道中以里运河最高(1.92);水源河道监测点秩和比以江都西闸外最高(2.07)、输水河道监测点以江都水利枢纽消力池最高(2.33)。研究发现,里运河钉螺分布最北点位于北纬33°02′40.32″、东经119°24′12.03″。GPS定位和Google地图显示南水北调东线钉螺监测呈点-线结合的布局。结论南水北调东线一期工程芒稻河、夹江、新通扬运河、三阳河等水源河道及里运河高邮段,以及江都西闸口、江都水利枢纽消力池滩地和泰州引江河口等监测点钉螺孳生和扩散风险较大,南水北调东线一期工程点-线结合的钉螺监测布局被初步确定。

Objective To determine the range and layout of Oncomelania hupensis surveillance sites in the first phase of the east route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project.Methods The data of the project layout of the water channel and the distribution of Oncomelania hupensis in the first phase of the east route of the project were collected and analyzed.The rank sum ratio （RSR） method was used to evaluate the risk of snail diffusion in the first phase of the east route.The layout of Oncomelania hupensis surveillance sites was expressed by GPS and Google Earth 5.0 in the first phase of the east route.Results The range of Oncomelania hupensis surveillance included 6 source rivers,4 water diversion rivers and 16 surveillance sites.The area of Oncomelania hupensis surveillance was 641.26 hm^2.The RSR method analysis showed that RSR of the Mangdao River （2.17）,Li Canal （1.92）,Jiangdu west sluice （2.07） and stilling pool in Jiangdu Hydro-Junction （2.33） were the highest among all the source rivers,the water diversion rivers,the surveillance sites of source rivers and the surveillance sites of water diversion rivers,respectively.The northernmost point of the distribution of Oncomelania hupensis in the Grand Canal was at latitude 29°05′-33°30′N and longitude 108°30′-116°11′E.Google maps showed that the layout of Oncomelania hupensis surveillance sites in the project was in a point-line distribution.Conclusions There are higher risk of snail diffusion in the Mangdao River,the Jiajiang River,New Tongyang Canal,the Sanyang River,the Gaoyou Section of Li Canal,Jiangdu west Sluice,stilling pool in Jiangdu Hydro-Junction and the estuary of the Taizhou Yinjiang River.