地表覆盖对陇东旱地苹果园水分平衡的影响

Effects of Surface Covering on Water Balance in Dryland Orchard of Longdong Areas

针对甘肃陇东黄土高原旱地苹果园季节性干旱问题,以15年生长富2号为试材,测定分析覆黑地膜、覆草、覆沙对树体蒸腾、棵间蒸发和土壤水分及温度变化的影响。结果表明,3种覆盖物可以明显降低地面蒸发,并使树体维持较高的蒸腾,其中覆黑地膜的保水性最佳,相当于每年贮藏水61.52 m3/hm2,覆沙和覆草分别相当于每年贮藏水11.60 m3/hm2和38.40 m3/hm2。

Aiming at seasonal dried problem of dry land orchard in Longdong area of Gansu province.Transpiration,soil evaporation,soil temperature and soil water content were measured based on 15 year Changfu 2 apple trees in sand covering,grass covering and film mulching conditions.The results showed that three kinds of mulches could decrease soil evaporation and improve transpiration obviously.moisture conservation of film mulching was the best,which could store water 61.52 m3/hm2 one year,sand covering and grass covering treatments could store water 11.60 m3/hm2 and 38.40 m3/hm2 separately.