中俄原油管道工程(漠河大庆段)沿线气温、地表和浅层地温年际变化特征

Interannual Variations of the Air Temperature,Surface Temperature and Shallow Ground Temperature along the China-Russia Crude Oil Pipeline

分析了中俄原油管道(漠河-大庆段)沿线自建站至2005年的月平均气温和地温观测资料,并通过插补建立了1961—2005年漠-大沿线各站各季及年平均温度资料完整序列.结果表明:各站年平均气温具有很好的相关性,近40多年年平均气温在20世纪60年代最低,70年代略有回升,80年代后气温逐渐升高,进入90年代后期升温有所减缓;沿线各站的年平均地表温度也是20世纪70年代最低,70年代进入80年代升温最明显.气温升温最显著的是冬、春季,升温率分别达到0.71℃.(10a)-1和0.48℃.(10a)-1,夏季升温率只有0.27℃.(10a)-1.年平均气温和地表温度的升温率分别为0.45℃.(10a)-1和0.27℃.(10a)-1,气温的升温比地表温度要快.年平均地表温度要比年平均气温高,深层地温的变化趋势与气温基本一致,在位相上有1～2a的差异.

Based on monthly mean air and ground temperatures（0,80,160,320 cm）observed in the meteorological stations from the beginning of the station up to 2005,the annual mean and seasonal mean temperatures at the stations from 1961 to 2005 are worked out through interpolation.It is found that the annual air temperature of the stations along the China-Russia crude oil pipeline displayed a good correlation.During the 40 years,annual air temperature varied significantly.The lowest annual mean air temperature occurred in the 1960s,followed by a minor increase in the 1970s,and then the annual air temperature continuously increased in the 1980s,but the temperature increasing rate slowed down in the 1990s.Surface temperature of each station also showed a good correlation,and it was the smallest in the 1970s,but increased distinctly in the 1980s.The most significant increase of air temperature occurred in winter and spring,with an increasing rate of 0.71 ℃·（10a）-1 and 0.48 ℃·（10a）-1,respectively,higher than that of annual mean air temperature.Increasing rates of annual mean air and surface temperature were 0.45 ℃·（10a）-1 and 0.27 ℃·（10a）-1,respectively.Air temperature increased faster than surface temperature.Annual mean surface temperature was higher than annual mean air temperature.Variation of underground temperature was consistent with that of air temperature,with a time lag of one to two years.