中药调控一氧化氮合酶-一氧化氮系统的研究

Regulation of NOS-NO System by Chinese Medicinal Herbs

一氧化氮(NO)是生物体细胞内及细胞间的重要信号分子,由不同类型一氧化氮合酶(NOS)催化生成,即内皮型一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)、神经元型一氧化氮合成酶(nNOS)和诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)。生理情况下,组织中eNOS和nNOS持续低水平表达维持正常生理功能。病理情况下,eNOS活性下降,NO生成减少,中药可以通过蛋白质磷酸化调节eNOS活性增加NO浓度以及通过抗氧化作用提高NO的生物利用度。而iNOS在生理情况下不表达,炎症状态下,iNOS被激活产生大量NO,导致组织损伤,加剧炎症进程。中药通过NF-κB和p38MAPK下调iNOS减少NO生成治疗炎症。不少活血化瘀药可以下调iNOS起到抗炎作用,为活血化瘀药治疗炎症提供了试验依据。

Nitric Oxide（NO）is a vital signal messenger intracelluarly and intercellularly and generated by nitric oxide synthase including endothelial nitric oxide synthase（eNOS）,inducible nitric oxide synthase（iNOS） and neuropathic nitric oxide synthase（nNOS）.In various physiological processes,eNOS and nNOS in the organization continue the low level expression to maintenance normal physiology function.When eNOS activity declines to reduce NO in the pathology situation,Chinese medicinal herbs regulate eNOS activity through protein phosphorylation to restore the NO physiology concentration and improve NO bioavailability through antioxidation effects.In the physiological situation iNOS does not express,iNOS is activated and generate massive NO that damage organization and aggravate inflammation advance under inflammation condition.Chinese herbs down regulate iNOS through nuclear factor-κB and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase to reduce NO and treat inflammation.Many blood-activating and stasis-removing Chinese medicines regulate inducible nitric oxide synthase with antiinflammatory effect,to provide experimental base to treat inflammation.