粉尘螨疫苗治疗变应性鼻炎患者的依从性及相关因素分析

The compliance of the dust mite vaccine in treating allergia rhinitis and its relevance factors

目的研究变应性鼻炎粉尘螨疫苗舌下含服免疫治疗1年后患者的依从性及其影响因素。方法对过去1年接受粉尘螨免疫治疗的变应性鼻炎患者进行回顾性调查。对治疗脱落的患者采取电话方式了解其不依从的原因,并做率的比较,采用χ2检验进行分析。结果粉尘螨疫苗治疗患者的依从率为70.19%。儿童的依从率为84.60%,高于成人的62.75%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.517,P<0.05)。不依从的原因调查表明,效果不明显或无效占22.92%,症状消失或好转占20.83%,工作忙或学业紧张占16.67%。结论变应性鼻炎特异性免疫治疗患者的依从性不理想,儿童的依从性高于成人。调查结果提示治疗中如有针对性地采用相应的干预措施,可以提高患者免疫治疗的依从率,从而提高疗效。

Objective In order to know the compliance of sublingual immunotherapy in 1 year with allergic diseases and identify factors that may influence compliance.Methods Patients were contacted with scheduled telephone interviews at the 12 months of therapy and asked to count at that moment the remaining vials.Results The compliance rate of SLIT with mites was 70.19%,the rate in children was 84.6% higher than 62.75% in adults（χ2=5.517,P0.05）.The factors of un compliance：uneffective（22.92%）,effective（20.83%）,work and study（16.67%）.Conclusion The compliance of sublingual immunotherapy at home is unsatisfactory,intervention can efectively improve the compliance of patients with allergic diseases when cured by SLIT and improve effecacy.