不同年龄段社区高血压患者血压控制率影响因素的调查分析

Influencing Factors of Blood Pressure Control Rate in Different Age Groups of Hypertensive Patients

目的掌握本社区内各年龄段高血压病患者血压控制情况,了解影响本社区内不同年龄段高血压患者血压控制率的主要因素,为将来针对不同年龄段高血压患者制订干预措施以及更有效的管理社区高血压提供客观的依据。方法选取本社区内3000例高血压患者,根据不同的年龄分成A组(35～54岁)、B组(55～64岁)、C组(≥65岁),采用自制的问卷对高血压患者进行调查。采用χ2检验、非条件二分类Logistic回归模型进行单因素及多因素分析。结果调查人群血压总控制率为36.89%,A、B、C3组人群血压控制率间差异无统计学意义(χ2=5.05,P<0.05)。超重和肥胖、服药依从性差是影响3组人群血压控制率共同的危险因素,而低钠饮食是影响3组人群血压控制率的共同保护性因素。吸烟是影响A组和B组高血压患者血压控制率共同的危险因素,OR值分别为1.694[95%CI(1.16,2.570)]和1.496[95%CI(1.360,1.683)]。良好的睡眠质量及和谐的家庭环境是影响老年高血压患者血压控制率的保护因素,OR值分别为0.090[95%CI(0.059,0.138)]和0.058[95%CI(0.411,0.819)]。结论不同年龄段的高血压患者具有不同的社区特点以及影响血压控制率的影响因素,在高血压的社区综合干预中应对不同年龄段的高血压患者进行针对性的干预措施。

Objective To understand the situation of blood pressure control different age groups of hypertensive patients in our community and summarize the major factors influencing the control rate.Methods A total of 3,000 hypertensive patients were enrolled in this study and randomized into three group according to their ages：35-54 age group,55-64 age group,and ≥65 age group.A survey was carried out among these subjects using a self-designed questionnaire.Chi-square test and Cataegory 2 non-conditional logistic regression model univariate and multivariate analysis were performed.Results The over all control rate of blood pressure was 36.89%,which was not significantly different among the three different age groups （χ2=5.05,P0.05）.Overweight,obesity,and poor compliance with regular medications were the common risk factors influencing blood pressure control in the different age groups,while low sodium diet was the common protective factors.Smoking was a risk factor that affected the blood pressure control in 35-54 age group （OR：1.694） [95%CI （1.16,2.570）] and 55-64 age group （OR：1.496） [95%CI （1.360,1.683）],respectively.Good sleep （OR：0.090）[95%CI （0.059,0.138）]and good relationship with family members （OR：0.058） [95%CI （0.411,0.819）]were the protective factors.Conclusion The hypertensive patients in different age groups are with varied features.Many factors can affect community-based blood pressure control.More customized strategies should be developed to improve hypertension intervention among elderly patients.