普通高校高水平运动员的激励现状研究——以上海市高校为例

A Study on the Current Condition of Incentive of High-level Sportsmen——a case study of Shanghai universities

以上海市普通高等学校招收的高水平运动员为对象,通过问卷调查等方法,研究了高水平运动员群体的需要顺序是:自我实现需要、生理需要、尊重需要、安全需要和社交需要,在此基础上,探讨了上海市普通高等学校高水平运动员的激励现状,认为:不同运动等级、不同训练年限的高水平运动员在大学期间不同年级对需要的选择与侧重点是不一样的,有特殊的需要结构。普通高等学校高水平运动队教练员(教师)应把握住对整个高水平运动员这个群体优势需要的激励,寻求有效的激励措施,增加激励措施的多样化,提高激励措施的有效性,提高对高水平运动员的激励效果。

The paper takes the high-level sportsmen enrolled in the universities in Shanghai as the study object.By the method of literature review,the paper sequences the demands of the high-level athletes,that is the demand of self-fulfillment,physical demand,the demand of being respected,security demand and socialization demand.On the basis,it discusses the current situation of the incentives of these students.It argues that the demands and focuses of the students at different levels and with different seniority of training are different.And the demand structure is special.Coaches of these athletes should grab the incentives of the whole group of high-level athletes,seek for effective incentive measures,increase the diversity of incentive methods,strengthen the effectiveness of incentives and achieve the incentive goal for the high-level athletes.