北柴胡不同炮制品柴胡皂苷a含量及急性毒性实验比较研究

Comparative Study on Content of Saikosaponin Substances and Acute Toxicity of Radix Bupleuri and its Processed Products

目的:对北柴胡不同炮制品中柴胡皂苷a的含量和急性毒性大小进行比较研究,探讨炮制对北柴胡柴胡皂苷a含量与毒性的影响。方法:运用HPLC法、经典急性毒性实验法,进行北柴胡不同炮制品中柴胡皂苷a的含量测定及急性毒性比较研究。结果:北柴胡生品,清炒品,醋炙品,酒炙品和蜜炙品不同炮制品中柴胡皂苷a的百分含量依次为0.60%,0.23%,0.56%,0.39%,0.35%。北柴胡生品,清炒品,醋炙品,酒炙品和蜜炙品没有出现死亡,测得最大给药量(MLD)值按含生药量计算分别为26.4,31.2,27.6,28.8,32.4 g.kg-1,分别相当于临床70 kg人每公斤体重日用量的205,242,214,224,252倍,连续观察14 d,小鼠一般状况良好,无一死亡。结论:北柴胡不同炮制品中柴胡皂苷a含量和毒性各不相同,且各样品均未出现死亡,其最大给药量显示北柴胡的各炮制品基本安全低毒,提示炮制对北柴胡药材柴胡皂苷a含量和安全剂量范围大小有一定影响。

Objective：To compare the content of saikosaponin and the acute toxicity on Radix Bupleuriand its processed products,and discuss the effect of processing on the content and toxicity of Bupleurum saikosaponin substances.Method：HPLC method and the classical method of acute toxicity were used to determine the content of saikosaponin a and the acute toxicity of the Radix Bupleuri and its processed products,and compare the content and the acute toxicity.Result： The content of saikosaponin a on the different processed products which included health products,fried products,vinegar products,wine products and honey roasted products was separately 0.60%,0.23%,0.56%,0.39%,0.35%.The health products,fried products,vinegar products,wine products and honey roasted products of Radix Bupleuri did not appear dead.Calculated by crude drug content,the MLD were respectively 26.4,31.2,27.6,28.8,32.4 g·kg^-1,which were respectively equal to 205,242,214,224,252 times of 70 kg people＇s daily dried medicinal herb expenses.Making continuous observation of 14 days,mice were generallyin good condition,and no one died.Conclusion：The content of saikosaponin a and the acute toxicity of the Radix Bupleuri and its processed products were different,and no death occurred in each sample,the MLD showed the basic security and low toxicity of the Radix Bupleuri and its processed products,suggesting that processing has some influence on the content of the saikosaponin substances and the safe dose range of Radix Bupleuri herbs.