人发角蛋白与几丁糖材料及产品在运动损伤领域的应用

Application of human hair keratin,chitosan materials and products in sports injury

目的:介绍生物材料在运动损伤中的运用情况。方法:应用计算机检索Science Direct数据库、Ei数据库1960-01/2009-10期间的相关文章,检索词为"Biological materials,Sports Injuries"。同时检索中国期刊全文数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库等1994-01/2009-10期间的相关文章,检索词为"运动损伤,生物材料,应用前景"。结果:临床常用的生物材料主要有医用高分子生物材料,包括硅橡胶、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚四氟乙烯、高密度聚乙烯、聚脂和聚酰胺等;医用生物复合材料包括羟基磷灰石、钙磷陶瓷、碳、硅酸盐等;医用金属类材料包括纯钛及钛合金、不锈钢、钴-铬合金等,以及处于起步阶段的生物衍生材料。生物材料在运动创伤中主要应用于下面3个方面:人工关节的使用,人工肌腱与韧带在重建肌腱与韧带中的应用,关节软骨损伤的修复。与国外相比,中国人工材料仍有较大的差距,国产人工关节、可吸收螺丝钉等的质量与国外相距甚远。结论:随着新材料与生物技术的发展,人工生物材料临床领域里将发挥其越来越重要的作用与价值。

OBJECTIVE：To introduce the application of the biomaterials in sports injury.METHODS：A computer retrieval was performed in Science Direct database and Ei database from January 1960 to October 2009,using the Key words ＂Biological materials,Sports Injuries＂ in English.Also,Chinese Academic Journal Full-text Database and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database from January 1960 to October 2009 were searched using the key words ＂Sports injury,Biological materials,Application＂ in Chinese.RESULTS：The clinical used biomaterials are mainly medical polymer biomaterials,including silicone rubber,polymethylmethacrylate,polytetrafluoroethylene,high density polyethylene,polyester and polyamide,etc;medical composite biomaterials include hydroxyl apatite,calcium phosphate ceramic,carbon,silicate,etc;medical metal materials include titanium and titanium alloys,stainless steel,cobalt-chromium alloy,as well as at the bio-derived materials which are at initial phase.Biological materials are mainly used in sports injury at the following three aspects：the use of artificial joints,artificial ligaments and tendons in the reconstruction of the ligaments and tendons,articular cartilage injury repair.Compared with foreign countries,the artificial material in China is still a large gap to go,domestic artificial joints and screws show poorer quality than foreign.CONCLUSION：With the new materials and bio-technology develops,artificial biomaterials will play an increasingly important role in clinical field.