高温气冷堆氦气透平直接循环发电技术进展

Prospects of Power Conversion Technology of Direct Cycle Helium Gas Turbine for MHTGR

模块式高温气冷堆是一种先进的、具有固有安全性的新型反应堆，其冷却剂氦气的出口温度可高达９５０℃，可以采用气体透平发电技术，以提高发电效率。美国和南非分别提出了两种高温气冷堆氦气透平直接循环发电方案。他们所使用的氦气透平技术主要基于现在的重工业燃气透平技术和航空发动机技术。本文介绍了这两种技术的区别及氦气透平机设计制造中存在的问题。同时认为由于气体透平的效率比蒸汽透平高得多，所以氦气透平直接循环发电是高温气冷堆的发展方向。

The modular high temperature gas cooled reactor (MHTGR) is a modern passively safe reactor.The reactor and helium gas turbine may be combined for high efficiency's power conversion,because MHTGR has high outlet temperature up to 950℃.Two different schemes are planed separately by USA and South Africa.The helium gas turbine methodologies adopted by them are mainly based on the developed heavy duty industrial and aviation gas turbine technology.This paper introduces the differences of two technologies and some design issues in the design and manufacture.Moreover,the author conclude that directly coupling a closed Brayton cycle gas turbine concept to the passively safe MHTGR is the developing direction of MHTGR due to its efficiency which is much higher than that of using steam turbine.