大杯香菇辐射新株系农艺性状的遗传变异分析

Genetic Variability of Agronomic Traits of Radiation-Derived New Strains of Lentinus giganteus

对11个大杯香菇(原菌株和辐射选育新株系)的7个农艺性状进行了遗传变异分析、相关性分析和主成分分析.结果表明:盖质量、菇朵质量、柄质量、盖宽、柄长变异系数较大,分别为45.14%,39.78%,37.66%,28.44%和26.41%;盖厚变异系数较小,为17.04%;柄直径变异系数较小,为8.78%.在相关性上,菇朵质量与柄质量、盖质量和盖宽呈极显著正相关,柄质量与柄长和盖质量呈极显著和显著正相关,盖质量与盖宽呈极显著正相关.主成分分析表明,前4个特征值在7个特征值中累计贡献率达98.70%,即前4个主成分对变异的贡献率达98.70%.在农艺性状选择上,首先对变异大的性状进行选择是极其重要的.在辐射选育新株系时,应注意选择大杯香菇盖质量和朵质量均较大的新株系.

Genetic variation, correlation and principal component analyses were made of seven agronomic characters in 11 original or new radiation-derived strains of Lentinus giganteus. Pileus weight, single fruit body weight, stalk weight, pileus diameter and stalk length hade relatively great variation coefficients, 45.14%, 39.78%, 37.66%, 28. 44% and 26.41% respectively. The variation coefficients of pileus thick and stalk diameter were relatively small, being 17.04% and 8. 78%, respectively. Single fruit body weight was in a highly significant positive correlation with stalk weight, pileus weight and pileus diameter, Pileus weight was in a highly significant or significant positive correlation with stalk weight or stalk length, and pileus weight was in a highly significant positive correlation with pileus diameter. Principal component analysis showed that of the 7 latent roots studied the first 4 contributed 98.70 % to the genetic variation. It is thus concluded that in the selection of agronomic characters, it is important to select the strains with large variation coefficients and when screening the new radiation derived strains, the strains with bigger values of pileus weight and single fruit body weight should be selected.