β-内酰胺抗生素残留检测的生物传感器研究进展

Biosensor for β-Lactam Antibiotics Residue Detection-A Review

β-内酰胺抗生素残留痕量检测技术具有保障动物性食品安全、促进国际贸易的重要意义。生物传感器的便携、自动化快速检测潜力,吸引了众多的研究者。依照所倚赖的特异性生物化学反应原理的不同,分为酶传感器、青霉素结合蛋白(PBPs)传感器和免疫生物传感器3种。酶传感器开发最早,但检测限较高;PBPs传感器为β-内酰胺抗生素残留检测的特有方法,但受到生物技术发展影响较大且检测过程需要对生物材料进行标记;免疫生物传感器检测限低,相对较易于深入研究。近年来免疫生物传感器研究较多,主要集中在纳米技术的应用、换能检测方法的创新和改进,多残留自动化检测方案实现等方面。计算机科学、生物学、生物信息学研究的新成果和方法已经用于生物传感器开发,包括抗原、抗体辅助筛选设计以及传感过程的研究等这些新研究方法在β-内酰胺抗生素残留痕量检测生物传感器的研究中具有很大的应用潜力。

β-Lactam antibiotics residue trace detection has proved to be an important safety problem,due to its relationship of animal derived food safety and international trade.Biosensor which would rapidly and automatically detectingβ-Lactam antibiotics in convenient,has attracted more and more researchers.Based on the different biological reaction,it can be devided into three classes：enzymic,penicillin binding proteins（PBPs） and immune.Firstly,enzymic biosensor has been took into practice,but their capacities were not enough to residue detection.PBPs were a kind ofβ-Lactam antibiotics sensitive bacteria functional protein,which needs to be determined, characterized,and produced through advanced biotechnology.Comparative advantage of immunosensors was its low detection limit and systematic development.Recently,more research concerned with the immunosensors and studied on the new transducer,nano-technology and multi-residue automatically detection.New achievements and methodologies of computer, molecular biology and bioinformatics had been used to design and screen bio-recognition elements for biosensors development,as well as to investigate the biosensing process.It hopes that biosensor practicability would be improved though new biological research methods and findings.