教育研究中的系统科学进展与应用

The Progress of System Science and its Education Research

系统科学作为教育研究的重要方法论,也是教学系统设计的理论基础之一。它虽然已经历了一般系统论、自组织理论、复杂性理论三个发展阶段,但就目前教育理论研究情况来看,系统科学思想方法的教育应用仍多停留在一般系统论的初级阶段,对系统科学的新近研究成果显得不够重视,尤其是有着丰富内涵与教育应用巨大潜力的自组织理论代表——耗散结构理论。随着后现代主义教育研究的深入,耗散结构理论已越来越多地受到课程研究领域专家的重视,相关研究成果初步显现。另外,数字化学习理论Connectivism新近获得了较大发展,它的主要观点正是耗散结构理论主要思想方法的重要体现。由此,我们相信在系统梳理系统科学自身发展状况的基础上,研究系统科学代表性观点的教育应用已显得十分必要。另外,积极吸纳耗散结构理论的思想观点去分析教学系统,有助于从教育研究方法论的角度审视教育的弊病,查找深层次原因,摸索规律,促进信息时代教育的新发展。

As an important methodology for education research, system science is also one of basic theories for instructional design. It has experienced three development stages： a general systems theory, self - organization theory, complexity theory, but currently, its application in education research area still stays in the initial stage, education has not pay more attention on its new research. Especially the dissipative structure theory, which has rich content and great potential for education application. With the deep research in postmodern education, dissipative structure theory has attracted more and more attention of curriculum experts, some related researches emerge. Additionally, as a digital learning theory, connectivism gets a large development nowadays; its main points just reflect dissipative structure theory. So it is necessary that reviewing the whole development of system science, and researching its education application. Now absorbing ideas from dissipative structure theory to analyze teaching system could help examine our education＇s lack and deep reasons, explore laws, in order to promote education＇s new development in the information age.