中国元代不同等级规模的建制城市研究

The Research on Organic Cities with Different Scales and Grades in the Yuan Dynasty of China

拥有明确的行政界线和专门行政管理机构并实行独立行政管理的城市,就是建制城市。城市行政建制是城市发展到一定历史阶段的产物。在中国元代,城市发展的重要标志正是对城市实行专门化行政管理的都市警巡院和路府治所城市录事司的设置。元代出现了拥有不同职能地位、不同等级规模且名称不同、与州县行政建制平行的独立城市行政建制,不仅是城市管理制度的变革,而且是城市发展史上的辉煌创举,值得深入研究。

Cities which are featured by precise boundary, specialized administrative agency and independent management are called ＂organic cities＂. Undoubtedly, organizational urban systems were the inevitable outcomes of the development of cities in history. In the Yuan Dynasty of China, an important symbol of the development of cities was the establishment of Jingxunyuan and Lushisi, which were specialized administrative departments at different levels. In the Yuan Dynasty, independent and organizational urban systems with different scales, functions, and names came out, which had equal status with the Zhou and Xian system （a traditional administrative system originated from Western Han Dynasty）. This field is not only a revolution of urban administration but also a great creation in the history of urban development, which should be further studied in the future.