甘肃省社区戒毒与社区康复工作调研报告

AN INVESTIGATION ON COMMUNITY-BASED DETOXIFICATION AND REHABILITATION IN GANSU PROVINCE

目的:总结甘肃省开展社区戒毒、社区康复工作的经验,探索社区戒毒、社区康复工作机制,为建立和完善社区戒毒、社区康复工作的方法和模式提供技术支持。方法:采用座谈和社区实地调研的方式,在甘肃省张掖市、酒泉市、定西市等已开展社区戒毒、社区康复的社区,对禁毒专干、综治员、社区/街道/居委会负责人、参加社区戒毒、社区康复的吸/戒毒人员及其家属进行调查。结果:甘肃省社区戒毒、社区康复工作的开展是以政府为主导,多方社会力量共同参与的方式进行,其主要经验包括:(1)党委政府重视社区禁吸/戒毒工作,将禁吸/戒毒工作纳入各级政府工作的内容并列为重要考核指标,实行政府工作绩效考核"一票否决"制;(2)调查地区张掖市甘州区、酒泉市肃州区以及定西市安定区建立了社区戒毒、社区康复的工作机制、组建了专门的社区工作队伍(禁毒专干)、制定了社区吸/戒毒人员帮教、管理办法,通过综合性的帮教、干预措施使得上述三个地区的吸毒人员戒毒后戒断保持3a以上不复吸比例分别达到了43.5%、37.4%和46.0%;(3)问题及薄弱环节:经费投入不足,不同地区的社区戒毒、社区康复队伍力量差异较大。结论:(1)党委政府重视是做好社区禁吸戒毒工作的基础;(2)建立有效的吸/戒毒人员社区管理机制和模式是有效开展社区戒毒、社区康复工作的保障;(3)建立科学合理的工作机制及工作流程,实现戒毒/康复各环节的"无缝连接"是甘肃社区工作的主要经验;(4)当前存在的问题包括人员配备、配比不足,社区专项工作经费保障不足。

Objective：The present study was to summarize the prevention model,work experience,effectiveness and disadvantages of community-based drug detoxification and rehabilitation in Gansu Province to provide guidance and references for the further work in the field.Methods：According to the study design,focus group interviews were conducted to collect information on the target population which included the anti-drug specialists,management staffs,community street committee directors,drug users and their families and other relative workers in the community in Jiuquan,Zhangye,Dingxi districts in Gansu Province.Results：Gansu＇s community-based drug detoxification and rehabilitation was government-led,which was implemented by multi-participation models,including that（1）government officials at various levels had attached importance to community-based drug prevention and treatment,adopting a ＂One Vote Veto＂ system for the comprehensive evaluation for the government performance;（2）effective mechanisms were established initially for community assistance and education and management practices for drug-users in Jiuquan,Zhangye and Dingxi,where the 3-year drug abstinence rated up to 43.5%,37.4% and 46.0%,respectively;（3）the problems and weakness were shortages of fund and differences in capacity among drug detoxification and rehabilitation work groups.Conclusion：（1）Government officials having attached importance to community-based drug prevention and treatment is the basis for doing this work;（2）An effective management mechanism and mode are a guarantee to carry out the community work effectively;（3）The main experience of the community work in Gansu is to establish a scientific and reasonable working mechanism and work flow to achieve seamless connection of various sectors of community drug treatment /rehabilitation;（4）Shortages of staffing and working expenses of community-specific are the main problems and weakness.