重庆涪陵区市售蔬菜硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量及食用安全性评价

Content and Edible Safety Evaluation of Nitrate and Nitrite in Vegetables Sold in Fuling District

为了了解重庆涪陵区蔬菜硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量状况,于2010年3～4月选取涪陵区5个主要蔬菜市场采集蔬菜样品,共5类24个品种120份样品。采用紫外分光光度法测定蔬菜中硝酸盐含量,采用GB/T15401-1994《水果、蔬菜及其制品中亚硝酸盐含量的测定》测定蔬菜中亚硝酸盐含量。结果显示:有5.8%的蔬菜样品受到硝酸盐轻度污染,有22.5%的蔬菜样品受到硝酸盐中度污染,有28.3%的蔬菜样品受到硝酸盐重度污染,有33.3%的蔬菜样品受到硝酸盐严重污染;蔬菜亚硝酸盐含量较低,合格率达95.9%;不同种类蔬菜硝酸盐含量差异较大,其硝酸盐含量依次为叶菜类>根菜类>茎菜类>果菜类>花菜类;不同品种蔬菜中硝酸盐含量存在差异,同一品种蔬菜不同的样品间硝酸盐含量也有差异。

In order to understand the content of nitrate and nitrite in the vegetables sold at Fuling district,a total of 120 sample vegetables of 24 varieties of 5 categories were selected from five main vegetable markets in Fuling district during March and April of 2010,then the nitrate content in those vegetables was determined by UV spectrophotometry according to determination of nitrite in fruits,vegetables and their products.The results indicated that about 5.8% of vegetable samples were mildly polluted by nitrate,22.5% were moderately polluted,28.3% samples were heavily polluted and about 33.3% were severely polluted by nitrate.The nitrite content in vegetables was very low with a pass rate of 95.9%.The nitrate content differed greatly in different vegetables,showing a decreasing order as leaf vegetablesroot vegetables stem vegetablesfruit vegetables flower vegetable.The nitrate content was different in different varieties of vegetables and even in different samples of the same variety.