论蒙古族传统体育的社会功能——兼论蒙古族那达慕的起源及今昔嬗变

The Social Function of Mongolian Traditional Physical Education

蒙古族传统体育是社会发展的必然产物,在一定程度上反映当时社会历史文化概貌。蒙古族传统体育在古代,祭祀、娱神、军事训练、检阅兵力的功能较为突出、明显,而基本没有经贸洽谈、发展旅游的功能;近代以来,特别是在现代社会中,祭祀、娱神、军事训练、检阅兵力等功能日益削弱,直至彻底消失,聚会交流、娱乐大众、强身健体、以及节庆、纪念、教育等功能却不断加强,还拓展了经贸洽谈、发展旅游等功能。

The purpose of this study was to discuss and understand social function of Mongolian traditional physical education.Mongolian traditional physical education is the certain products of social development,to a certain extent,it reflects the prevailing social and historical and cultural interface.In ancient times,Mongolian traditional physical education had a prominent function of offering sacrifice to gods or ancestors,doing military training and reviews the strength of troops,but there were lack of economic and commercial talks and developing tourism.In modern times,especially in the modern society,the functions of offering sacrifice to gods and ancestors,rejoicing gods,military training,reviewing forces were weakened days after days,till its was completely disappeared;but other functions such as getting together for exchanges,mass entertainment,physical fitness,as well as festivals,commemorative,education have been strengthened,also to expand economic and trade talks,developing tourism and other functions.