饲料中补充番茄红素对鲫鱼抗氧化能力的影响

Effects of lycopene supplement on the antioxidant capacity of Carassius auratus

在基础饲料中分别添加番茄红素(lycopene,LCP)含量为0.50%、0.75%和1.00%的番茄红素油1.5%,对照组为1.5%的鱼油,即饲料中番茄红素添加量为0、75.0、112.5、150.0 mg.kg-1。人工投喂饲养平均体长22.4±1.13cm,平均体重180.60±37.23 g的鲫鱼50 d。每网箱随机取样20尾(n=20)试验鱼,进行血清总超氧化歧化酶活性(T-SOD)、丙二醛含量(MDA)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活力(GSH-Px)、一氧化氮含量(NO)和抑制羟自由基能力(.OH)测定,以研究番茄红素对养殖鲫鱼抗氧化能力的影响。试验数据以平均值±标准差(Mean±SD)表示,SPSS11.5软件Duncan多重比较检验。结果显示,添加番茄红素试验组血清T-SOD活性比对照组分别提高了8.49、43.33和48.57 U.mL-1,番茄红素添加量112.5和150.0 mg.kg-1组的血清T-SOD活性与对照组比较有显著差异(P<0.05)。添加番茄红素试验组血清中MDA含量分别比对照组降低了3.75、4.55和2.70 nmol.mL-1,添加番茄红素和试验组与对照组比较血清MDA含量均无显著差异(P>0.05)。添加番茄红素试验组血清GSH-Px活力分别比对照组提高了99.32、138.77和122.61 U,添加番茄红素的各试验组与对照组比较血清GSH-Px活力均有显著差异(P<0.05)。添加番茄红素试验组血清NO含量分别高于对照组12.83、8.30和13.02μmol.mL-1,添加番茄红素75.0和150.0 mg.kg-1组与对照组比较血清NO含量有显著差异(P<0.05)。添加番茄红素试验组血清中抑制.OH能力比对照组降低了318.50、290.91和277.99 U.mL-1,添加番茄红素75.0 mg.kg-1组与对照组比较血清中抑制.OH能力差异显著(P<0.05)。添加番茄红素各试验组间比较T-SOD活性、GSH-Px活力、MDA含量、NO含量和抑制.OH能力均无显著差异(P<0.05)。综合试验结果,在鲫鱼人工配合饲料的油脂中添加番茄红素,有效地提高了养殖鲫鱼内源性抗氧化物质的水平,实现了抗氧化剂的抗氧化作用。

Effects of lycopene supplements on antioxidant capacity were studied in Crucian Carp, Carassius auratus, with average length 22.4±1.13 cm and weight 180.60 ± 37.23 g. Fish were fed a commercial diet supplemented with Lycopene at levels of 0.50%,0.75%, 1.00%, and with 1.5% fish oil as the control in cages for 50 days. That is, four diets contained Lycopene at 0, 75, 112.5, and 150 mg.kg^-1 for a control diet and other three diets containing Lycopene. Twenty fish was randomly taken from each, cage. As biomarkers, T-SOD, MDA, GSH-Px, NO, and .OH were measured in blood serum. The experimental data were presented in mean i standard deviation （SD）. Duncan test was performed for the multiple comparisons among four diets using SPSS 11.5 version. The study shows： The levels ofT-SOD in fish blood serum were 8.49, 43.33, and 48.57 U.mL^-1 higher in fish fed with three diets added lycopene than that of the control, The levels ofT-SOD were significantly higher （P〈0.05） in fish fed with diet added 112.5 and 150.0 mg.kg^-1 lycopene than that of the control. The levels of MDA in the blood serum of fish fed with diets were 3.75, 4.55, and 2.70 nmol·mL^-1 lower than that of control. But, no significant difference was found in levels of MDA in fish fed diets added 75.0, 112.5, 150.0 mg·kg^-1 lycopene oil and the control. The levels of GSH-Px activity in the blood serum of fish fed with three lycopene diets were 99.32, 138.77,122.61 U higher compared to the control. The GSH-Px activity in blood serum of fish fed diets added lycopene was significantly higher （P〈0.05） than that of the control. The levels of NO in fish fed diets adding lycopene were 12.83, 8.30, and 13.02 μmol.mL^-1 higher than that of control. The levels of NO in fish fed 75 and 150 mg·kg^-1 lycopene were significantly different （P〈0.05） than that of control fish. The activities of-OH in fish fed lycopene were 318.50, 290.91, and 277.99 U·mL^-1 lower than that of control. The activity of .OH was significantly decreased （P〈0.05） in fish fed diet added 75.0 mg·kg^-1 lycopene than that dfthe control. No significant differences were found in levels of T-SOD, GSH-Px, MDA, NO, and OH in blood serum of fish fed diets added with 75.0, 112.5, 150.0 mg·kg^-1 lycopene. The experiment demonstrated that lycopene as an antioxidant added to a commer- cial diet can significantly improve the antioxidant capacity of Crucian Carp.