多维度健康自测量表的编制

Development of multidimensional self-report health measurement tool

目的编制多维度健康自测量表，为评价国人健康状况提供工具。方法采用Delphi法筛选健康评价指标，参照国内外成熟量表及临床资料建立问卷条目库，专家对题目进行评审后形成中国成人健康自测量表试用版，并在北京、河北、天津、山西等地的体检中心随机抽取了1858名被试者进行了现场预测试。采用专家评分、独立样本的t检验、因素分析和逻辑分析相结合的方法对健康自测量表进行了项目分析并进行了信效度分析。结果研制出含有90个条目的健康自测量表。健康自测量表的Cronbaeha系数在0．669～0．917之间，分半信度在0．572～0．877之间，重测信度在0．693—0．896之间。探索性因素分析得到的6个因素可解释总变异的71．732％，且因子共同度均大于0．4，验证性因素分析的结果显示各拟合指数均比较理想，量表有较好的结构效度。结论通过项目分析和初步的因素分析，确定量表由六个维度（健康史、躯体症状、心理健康、社会适应能力、生活方式、保健意识）与90个条目组成，多维健康自测量表结构较为合理，信效度良好。

Objective To develop a multidimensional self-report health measurement scale for accurate evaluation of health status in Chinese adults. Methods Delphi method was used to select health ts. Item database was set up based on available questionnaires. A total of 1858 individuals from Beijing, Hebei,Tianjin, Shanxi and other provinces of China received field pretest. Results A self-report health assessment tool with 90 items was developed, Cronbach a coefficient of which was 0. 669 to O. 917, split-half reliability 0. 572 to O. 877, and test-retest reliability 0. 693 to 0. 896. Six factors from exploratory factor analysis accounted for 71. 732% total variance,with the common factor 〉 0. 4. Confirmatory factor analysis showed good fit index and construct validity. Conclusion The newly developed self-rated health measurement scale,which involves six dimensions and 90 items,shows good reliability and validity.