陕西关中地区奶牛遗传改良与DHI测定效果分析

Genetic Improvement and DHI Measurment Effect of Dairy Cattle in the Central Shaanxi Plain

[目的]为了掌握陕西关中地区奶牛改良效果,为制定下一步发展目标提供依据。[方法]通过DHI测定,分别对不同养殖规模的奶牛场遗传改良和生产性能数据收集和统计分析。[结果]表明:陕西关中地区奶牛养殖规模日益增强,2 000头以上的养殖公司达到了72.29%,而且普通冻精使用率达到94.02%,性控冻精利用率达到了4.36%,良种胚胎使用率达到了1.62%,情期受胎率达到了56.73%,犊牛成活率达到了93.42%,母犊初生重达到了36.50 kg,母牛305 d产奶量达到6 617.02 kg,均较小区和专业村养殖结果高。[结论]通过DHI测定建立数字化的评估体系,对推动本地区奶牛发展水平具有重要的意义。

【Objective】In order to know the improvement effect of dairy cattle in the Central Shaanxi Plain and to formulate the next development goals.【Method】By DHI determination,we collected the data of the genetic improvement and the production performance of dairy cows from different farms,then made a statistical analysis.【Result】The result indicated that the number of dairy cows in the Central Shaanxi Plain was increasing gradually.72.29% of breeding companies had more than 2000 dairy cow,the utilization rates of ordinary and sexuality controlled frozen semen and improved embryo were 94.02%,4.36% and 1.62%,respectively.Thes pregnancy rate during the oestrum was 56.73%,the survival rate of calves was 93.42%;the birth weight of cow claves reached to 36.50 kg,the 305 d milk yield was 6617.02 kg.Compared with smaller farming region,the results were significantly improved.【Conclusion】Through DHI determination,we could establish a digitized evaluation system,it had significant importance to make great progress on the.development of dairy cattle in the local region.