大黄等5种中草药对两种锯缘青蟹致病菌的体外抑菌活性

In Vitro Bacteriostatic Activity of Five Chinese Herbal Medicines against Two Common Pathogens of Scylla serrata

[目的]研究大黄、黄芩、金银花、杜仲与大枣及其复方A(大黄.黄芩)、B(大黄·黄芩·金银花)、C(大黄.黄芩.杜仲)和D(大黄.黄芩.杜仲.大枣)对锯缘青蟹(Scylla serrata)常见致病菌副溶血弧菌(Vibrio parahaemolyticus)和嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila)的体外抑菌效果。[方法]通过纸片法测定细菌对药物的敏感性。分别采用稀释法与平皿法测定最小抑菌浓度(MIC)与最低杀菌浓度(MBC)。[结果]副溶血弧菌对单方的的敏感度为黄芩>金银花>大黄>大枣>杜仲,其复方的抑菌效果为A=B=C>D。其中,黄芩、A、B、C和D对副溶血弧菌的杀菌作用较强。嗜水气单胞菌对单方的敏感度依次为大黄>黄芩>金银花>大枣>杜仲,其复方的抑菌效果为A>B>C=D。其中,大黄与复方C对嗜水气单胞菌的杀菌作用较强。[结论]大黄、黄芩、金银花、杜仲与大枣及其复方对副溶血弧菌和嗜水气单胞菌有良好的抑菌效果,能用于锯缘青蟹疾病的治疗。

[Objective] To investigate the in vitro bacteriostatic activity of Chinese herbal medicines（Rheum officinale,Scutellaria baicalensis,honeysuckle,Eucommia ulmoides and Fructus zizyphi jujube） and their compounds against two common pathogens of Scylla serrata（Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Aeromonas hydrophila）.[Method] Drug sensitivity of the bacteria was determined by paper method.Minimum inhibitory concentration（MIC） and minimum bactericidal concentration（MBC） were determined by dilution method and plate method,respectively.[Result]The bacteriostatic order of single medicines on V.parahaemolyticus were Scutellaria baicalensisHoneysuckleRheum officinaleFructus zizyphi jujubeEucommia ulmoides.The bacteriostatic order of the compounds were A=B=CD.Among these medicines,the Scutellaria baicalensis and the compounds A,B,C and D had better bactericidal effects on V.parahaemolyticus.The bacteriostatic order of single medicines on A.hydrophila was Rheum officinaleScutellaria baicalensisHoneysuckleFructus zizyphi jujubeEucommia ulmoides.The bacteriostatic order of the compounds were ABC=D,while Rheum officinale and the compound C had better bactericidal effects on A.hydrophila.[Conclusion] The Chinese herbal medicines including Rheum officinale,Scutellaria baicalensis,honeysuckle,Eucommia ulmoides and Fructus zizyphi jujube have good bacteriostatic effects on V.parahaemolyticus and A.hydrophila,and they can be used to treat bacterial infection in Scylla serrata.