湖南省甲型H1N1流感病毒感染状况及快速血清学调查研究

Serological survey of pandemic influenza A （ H1N1 ） virus infection among population in Hunan Province

目的了解不同时期湖南省人群甲型H1N1流感病毒感染状况和评估方法。方法在长沙市选择14个医疗卫生机构于2009年11月至2010年3月期间，先后5次进行甲型H1N1流感病毒血凝抑制（HI）抗体阳性率快速调查，并与全省抽样调查结果比较。结果共有2131名对象参与快速调查，五次调查的全人群标准化抗体阳性率依次为9．32％、14．62％、31．08％、28．43％和22．80％；6～17岁年龄组人群的抗体阳性率最高；调查对象甲流抗体阳性中仅9．84％可归因于疫苗接种；快速血清学调查与同期全省抽样调查所得标准化抗体阳性率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论湖南省人群的甲型流感抗体阳性率在2010年1月下旬时最高；在急性传染病大规模流行期间，可以采用小范围的快速调查评估感染状况。

Objective To understand the infection condition and analytical methods of Influenza A （H1N1） virus in the population of Hunan Province during different periods. Methods Quick surveys on the positive rate of Influenza A （H1N1） virus hemagglutination inhibition （HI） test have been conducted for 5 times successively from November 2009 to March 2010 in 14 medical and heahh institutions of Changsha city, whose results were then compared with those from the sampling surveys of whole Hunan province. Results 2131 subjects were involved in this study; the total population standardized rates of antibody positive investigated for 5 times were 9.32% , 14.62% , 31.08% , 28.43% and 22. 80% respectively; the population of 6-17-years-old has the highest rate of antibody positive; only 9.84% of the antibody positive subjects attributed to vaccine inoculation; there was no significant difference in the standardized positive rates between the quick serological surveys and the corresponding sampling survey of Hunan province（P 〉 0. 05 ）. Conclusion The positive rate of A （ H1N1 ） virus antibody reached the peak in late January 2010 ; quick investigations in small region could be used to evaluate the infection prevalence during pandemic of infectious diseases.