中国玉米产业现状与发展问题探讨

Situation Analysis and Development Strategy of Maize Industry in China

回顾了新中国玉米生产形势和消费形势。尽管新中国玉米生产快速发展,取得了巨大成就,但未来继续提高玉米生产能力的难度加大,玉米消费需求呈现刚性增长趋势,国内玉米供求关系将由供大于求逐步转向供求平衡甚至供应偏紧,玉米有效自给的压力增大,玉米产业不确定因素增多,风险加大。在剖析农业资源紧缺、品种结构性矛盾突出、机械化作业水平低等发展制约因素的基础上,对中国玉米产业发展提出了科学利用农业资源、优化品种与区域布局、促进机械化发展等对策建议,旨在引导人们认清国内玉米产业形势,采取有效措施促进中国玉米产业更加健康有序发展。

The situations of new Chinese maize production and consumption were reviewed in the paper.Though Chinese maize industy has developed rapidly and made great achievements,it will be more difficult to continue improving its production capacity.The maize consumption growth is in a rigid trend,and the maize oversupply will be gradually transformed into balance,even into relatively tight supply.The pressure on effective self-sufficiency is mounting,the industry uncertainties are increasing,and the danger is expanding.The constraint factors including the shortage of agricultural resources,the structural contradiction of varieties,the low level of mechanization,etc.were analyzed,and some appropriate countermeasures such as scientific utilization of agricultural resources,optimization of varieties and regional distribution,promotion of mechanization and so on were put forward to guide people to recognize Chinese maize indutry and took effective measures to promote more healthy and orderly maize industry development.