基于RS和GIS的地震移民选址空间决策研究与实现

Study on Spatial Decision-Making of Site Selection for Earthquake-Induced Migration Using Remote Sensing and GIS Technology

基于遥感技术宏观数据快速获取能力以及地理信息系统提供的强大空间分析能力,建立了地震移民选址的空间分析模型,对研究区的数据进行迁建适宜度分区处理,并在此基础上进行了候选区模糊综合评判.并以汶川绵虒镇为研究区,对地质安全、地形地貌、水系分布、自然人文保护、交通运输、城镇建设、发展潜力等7个一级指标,以及活断层、地质灾害、土地覆盖、生态环境保护、旅游资源等15个二级指标进行了分析处理,选址结果合理,能够为地震移民选址的科学决策提供辅助数据.

Spatial decision-making for site selection for earthquake-induced migration involves comprehensive consideration and evaluation of natural and civil factors,and the proper use of multi-source data,especially the spatial data,will decide whether the decision-making is science-based and reasonable.Taking advantage of fast data acquisition of Remote Sensing（RS） and the great spatial data analysis capacity of Geographic Information System（GIS）,this paper built 2 spatial models for location fitness zoning of the relevant data of the study region and,based on the results,performed a comprehensive fuzzy evaluation of the candidate locations.In addition,seven first-class indicators（including geological safety,terrain,natural and cultural protection,transportation,development potential and others） and fifteen second-class indicators（including active faults,geological hazards,land cover,ecological and environmental protection,tourism resources and others） of Miansi Town in Wenchuan were evaluated by the two proposed models to provide assistant dada for site selection decision-making in earthquake-stricken areas.