日粮纤维水平对猪营养物质表观消化率的影响

Effect of Dietary Fiber Levels on Appearance Digestibility of Nutrients

为了测定日粮不同纤维水平和品种对猪营养成分表观消化率的影响,试验选用8头4月龄猪,采用4×4拉丁方设计进行试验。4种试验日粮按等能等氮设计,日粮Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ粗纤维水平分别为3%、6%、9%和12%（干物质基础）,4个品种分别为莱芜猪（100%）、大莱猪（50%）、大大莱猪（25%）、大约克猪（0%）。在本试验条件下,日粮纤维在较低的范围内（3%~6%）粗蛋白质（CP）消化率随粗纤维含量的增加而提高,赖氨酸、蛋氨酸表观消化率差异不显著,CP在粗纤维含量6%时,消化率最高达到86.90%。不同品种猪对干物质、Ca、P的消化率影响极显著（P〈0.01）,但莱芜猪和大约克猪对干物质、CP消化率的影响差异不显著,莱芜猪对NDF的消化率为51.44%,大约克猪为43.51%,两者之间差异极显著（P〈0.01）。NDF和ADF的表观消化率随猪血统中莱芜猪血比例的降低而显著降低,NDF在小肠中已得到有效的分解,本试验结果证实莱芜黑猪具有耐粗饲的特性。不同品种猪对必需氨基酸（EAA）的表观消化率除赖氨酸、苏氨酸、异亮氨酸外影响均不显著。

The experiment was conducted as 4×4 Latin Square with eight barrows（4 months） fitted with ileum cannulas of T-shape to research the effects of different diets to nutrient apparent digestibility.In an experiment with 4×4 Latin Square design,eight castrates were used to investigate the effects of dietary fiber level and breed on appearance digestibility of nutrients in pigs.Four diets were formulated with equal energy and protein containing four levels of crude fiber were 3%,6%,9% and 12% respectively（dry matter basis）.Four breeds of swine were Laiwu,Yorkshire×Laiwu,Yorkshire×Yorkshire×Laiwu and Yorkshire.The experiment results showed that： CF level in low range（3% to 6%）,with the crude fiber levels increasing,apparent digestibility of CP was on the rise,but the difference of the digestibility of lysine and methionine was not significant（P0.05）,along with the increase of the content of crude fibre（6% to 12%）,the nutrition digestibility decreased significantly（P0.05）.Different varieties of pig exhibitsed extremely significant effect on the nutrition digestibility of dry matters,CP,Ca and phosphorus（P0.01）,but no significant on digestibility of dry matters and CP between Laiwu pig and Yorkshire（P0.05）.There was significant difference between the digestibility of NDF in Laiwu pig（51.44%） and Yorkshire（43.51%）.Apparent digestibility of NDF and ADF was significantly decreased as Laiwu pigs origin decrease,and the NDF had been broken down in the small intestine.There were no significant effect on the apparent digestibility of essential amino acid（EAA） among different varieties of pig besides lysine,threonine and isoleucine（P0.05）,Laiwu had a crude feed tolerance feature.