水库生态调度研究的若干思考

Reflections on the Research of Ecological Operation of Reservoirs

传统的水库调度方式在保障防洪安全的基础上力求最大限度发挥河流水资源的经济效益,对库区及下游的生态环境考虑较少,在防洪兴利的同时危及了河流健康。改变传统的水库调度方式,将生态目标纳入到水库调度中来,开展以维护或改善河流健康为重要目标的水库生态调度是十分必要和迫切的。从水库修建运用的生态效应出发,在国内外相关研究的基础上系统分析了水库生态调度的概念、内涵及研究热点,并重点讨论基于生态水文模拟的水库生态调度方式及其研究中的一些关键技术问题,以期能够对水库生态调度研究提供参考。

The traditional reservoir operation mode always considers the economic benefit as the first aim besides ensuring the flood control safety.However,it pays little attention to the eco-environment conditions in the downstream regions and reservoir areas,which might threaten the health of river.The ecological operation of reservoirs takes the ecological aim into consideration,and it changes the traditional way.Aiming to protect and improve the health of river,the ecological reservoir operation becomes necessary and exigent.Based on the researches abroad and home,this paper analyzes the conception,connotation and research hotspots from the point of view of ecological effects with reservoir operation.Particularly,it focuses on the ecological reservoir operation modes based on eco-hydrological modeling as well as the key research technological issues in the research area.This paper aims to provide some suggestions for the ecological reservoir operation research in the future.