支出型贫困家庭致贫因素的微观视角分析和救助机制研究

An Analysis of Expenditure-based Poverty Factors from the Micro Perspective and Its Relief Mechanism

改变以往仅从收入角度衡量低收入家庭困难程度且按照单一的救助标准进行救助的方法,提出从收入和支出两方面来衡量贫困,以刚性支出大于收入作为界定贫困的标准。运用非均衡增长模型和公共支出微观增长模型来分析支出型贫困形成的原因,设计一整套评估指标体系,利用AHP方法(层次分析法)评估支出型贫困家庭的困难程度,并根据家庭贫困类别、贫困程度等级和实际脱贫能力,设计对应的救助力度和救助套餐。

This paper tries to change the method of using the income poverty line only to measure the degree of difficulty for low-income families and giving assistance in accordance with the standards of a single method of relief in the past and defines poverty by two aspects of expenditure and income.It defines ＂expenditure-based poverty＂ as the families whose expenditure exceeds their income from a new perspective.Reasons of this expenditure type are analyzed by using non-balanced growing model and public expenditure growing model.At last,the paper constructs quality evaluation indexes and quantity evaluation indexes and uses expenditure-based AHP approach to assess the extent of the difficulties of poor families and sets the corresponding aid packages and relief efforts according to family poverty category,poverty levels and its actual capacity.