北京市东城区35～59岁社区居民心血管疾病风险评估

Risk assessment on cardiovascular disease among 35 to 59 aged residents in Dongcheng District,Beijing City

目的了解北京市东城区社区居民心血管病（CVD）危险因素的暴露情况及评估未来10年缺血性心血管病（ICVD）发病危险度,为不同风险类型个体或群体实施不同的健康管理策略提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法,抽取35~59岁常驻居民1076人,进行心血管疾病相关危险因素流行病学调查,并对人群用＂国人缺血性心血管病十年发病危险度评估表＂评估其10年ICVD的发病危险性。结果在35~59岁人群中,高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常、体重异常、早发家族史和吸烟暴露率分别为36.8%、13.1%、69.9%、62.2%、53.3%和23.5%;超过半数的个体具有3个及以上危险因素,且男性大于3个及以上危险因素的比例明显高于女性（P〈0.01）,危险因素的个数随年龄的升高而升高;调查对象10年缺血性心血管疾病发病危险度处于中危及以上的检出率为3.2%;男女不同年龄组发病平均危险度除35~39岁组,其余各组均显著高于评估表提出的各年龄段绝对平均危险度参考标准。结论北京市东城区心血管疾病危险因素水平较高,35~59岁人群10年缺血性心血管疾病发病风险较大,提示应积极加强对心血管疾病危险因素的干预。

Objective To understand the exposure condition of the cardio vascular disease（CVD） risk factors and the evaluate risk of ischemic cardiovascular diseases（ICVD） in the next decade among the community residents in Dongcheng District,Beijing,and to provide the scientific basis for strategy-making on health management of individuals and groups at different risk degree of cardiovascular disease.Methods The survey was conducted among 1076 residents aged 35 to 59 in Dongcheng District through multi-stage random sampling for data collection and ＂National 10-year Risk Assessment for ICVD＂.Results Among the respondents aged 35-59 years old,the prevalence rate of hypertension,diabetes,dyslipidemia is 36.8%,13.1%,69.9%,62.2% are overweight or obesity,53.3% of the respondents have the family history of CVD,23.5% smoke.More than half of individuals take up three or more risk factors,the proportion of the males covering three risk factors is bigger than that of the females,the difference is of statistically significance（P0.01）.The elder the respondents are,the higher risk on CVD.3.2% of the respondents＇ ICVD risk in 10 years was higher than 10%.And no matter males or female,the risk level of ICVD was higher than the reference indicator of ICVD risk in different age groups except the group aged 35 to 39.Conclusion The levels of cardiovascular disease of risk factors in Dongcheng District is high.and the risk level of ICVD was higher in the group aged 35 to 59.The results showed that we should enhance the intervention on CVD risk factors in Dongcheng District.