髋关节置换术后患者生活质量调查及其影响因素分析

Study on quality of life and its influencing factors among patients after hip replacement surgery

目的了解髋关节置换术后患者生活质量状况,并初步探讨影响术后患者生活质量的因素,为今后制定相应的康复措施提供科学依据。方法采用简便抽样的方法,选取2010年1～9月在安徽省某三甲医院就诊的,并实施髋关节置换术的患者作为研究对象,采用自行设计的调查问卷,对其生活质量进行调查。结果 本次调查的115例患者中,男性占36.52%,女性占63.48%,平均年龄(67.38±13.14)岁。职业以农民为主,占41.74%;有既往髋关节手术史的患者占10.43%。55.65%的患者患病年限<1年,73.04%的患者实施一侧全髋手术;患者的生活质量相对较差。单因素分析显示,患者的年龄、职业、病因、患病年限、并存疾病种类对患者术后生理健康、心理健康、生活质量综合评分均有影响(均有P<0.05)。多因素回归分析显示,患者的年龄对患者术后生理健康的影响有统计学意义(P<0.001),患者年龄和职业对患者术后心理健康的影响均有统计学意义(均有P<0.05)。结论髋关节置换者术后三个月生活质量并不理想,各个维度得分均低于一般人群。年龄越大,生活质量相对较差。因此应对患者采取有针对性的康复措施,最大限度地改善患者生活质量。

Objective To understand quality of life and its influencing factors among patients after hip replacement and provide scientific evidence for appropriate rehabilitation measures.Methods Simple sampling method was used to select patients with hip replacement from a tertiary hospital of Anhui Province from january to september in 2009.A questionnaire survey was designed to investigate their quality of life.Results 36.52% of 115 patients were males,females accounted for 63.48%.The average age of patients was（67.38±13.14） years.Patients having previously hip replacement accounted for 10.43%.Patients with disease duration less than 1 year accounted for 55.65%.73.04% of patients were implemented one side hip replacement surgery.Quality of life of patients were relatively poor.Univariate analysis showed that age,occupation,etiology,disease duration,types of comorbidities affected patient＇s PCS,MCS,quality of life composite score（both P0.05）.Multivariate regression analysis showed that patient＇s age was statistically significant for PCS（P0.001）,age and occupation were statistically significant for MCS（both P0.05）.Conclusions Quality of life of patients are not satisfied in the first three months after hip replacement.All scores were lower than the general population.Quality of life were poorer than elder patients.Therefore,rehabilitation measures should be taken to maximize the improvement of quality of life.