打喷嚏状态下成年男性上呼吸道气固流动分布特性研究

Numerical Study of the Characteristics of Gas-Solid Distribution Inside an Adult Male's Upper Respiratory Tract in the Sneezing Condition

为研究环境对人类呼吸系统的影响,特别是微颗粒对人呼吸系统的影响,本文研究了成年男性在打喷嚏状态下环境颗粒和气流在呼吸道内的运动特性,采用计算流体力学方法对基于数值化重建的全真人体模型进行了气固两相流动的研究。结果表明,真实人体上呼吸道结构复杂,流场复杂,气管与鼻腔衔接部位的非对称性导致了气流和颗粒分布不均,左右鼻腔出口的气流速度相差达48.9%,颗粒浓度相差137.7%。结果揭示了在非正常呼吸条件下,当左右鼻腔出口气流分布不均匀时,其污染区域将大于假设左右鼻腔出口气流分布均匀的情况。

In order to study the impact of environment,especially the micro particle on the human respiratory system,the characteristics of gas flow and particle movement inside an adult male＇s upper respiratory tract was investigated with computational fluid dynamics methods based on a real digital reconstructed human model.Results showed that the configuration of the human upper respiratory is complex,resulting in complicated flow field,and that the distribution of gas and particle in the left and right outlets of the nasal is uneven since the joint portion between trachea and nasal is asymmetric.The difference of averaged velocity between the left outlet of nasal and the right one is 48.9%,and the corresponding difference of particle concentration is 137.7%.These results revealed that the contamination zone should be larger when the above difference of velocity distribution between the left outlet of nasal and the right one was taken into consideration than that under the assumption of equal velocity distribution between the left outlet of nasal and the right one.