漳州市30年暴雨时空分布特征与影响条件分析

Analyses on the Space-Time Distribution Characteristics and Their Influence Conditions of Heavy Rainfall in Zhangzhou for Thirty Years

利用漳州市1971～2000年30年地面降水观测资料,对漳州市暴雨的时空分布及其影响系统进行分析。结果表明,暴雨月时间分布呈现年头年尾少、年中多趋势,6～8月为暴雨高峰期;年平均暴雨日数和汛期3～10月暴雨日数地理分布呈现西南偏多、南北偏少特征;冬季暴雨日数分布呈现由南自北逐渐减少特征;暴雨落区与漳州地形特征紧密相关;暴雨主要在南支槽、西南急流、热带气旋影响的天气条件下发生。

Based on daily observation data of precipitation in Zhangzhou from 1971 to 2000,the characteristics of the space-time distribution of heavy rainfall and influencing conditions were summarized and analyzed.Results showed that the number of heavy rainfall days was characterized by the distribution that it was less in the start-end of year and more in the mid of year.Number of heavy rainfall days was the most from June to August.As to the spatial variations,number of the yearly averaged heavy rainfall days and the heavy rainfall days in high-water or tide season were characterized by the distribution that it was more in southwest Zhangzhou and less in north-south Zhangzhou;number of the heavy rainfall days in winter gradually reduced from the south to the north.The area of heavy rainfall had a close relationship to the topography of Zhangzhou.Heavy rainfall occurred in general with the circulation characteristics of the south branch though or southwest jet or tropical cyclones.