土地利用/覆被变化(LUCC)的环境效应研究进展

Review: Researches on Environmental Effects of Land Use/Cover Change

土地利用/覆被变化(LUCC)是全球环境变化的重要因素之一,LUCC的环境效应也是当前的研究热点。本文总结了近20年LUCC环境效应研究的主要成果和方法,并针对当前研究中的不足之处,对未来的研究趋势进行了讨论。该文首先分别从大气、土壤、水、生物和人类等环境因子方面讨论总结了LUCC环境效应的主要研究成果,继而从大气效应、水环境效应、土壤环境效应和综合环境效应等方面对常用的定量研究方法作了概括。作者认为今后应加强LUCC的综合环境效应、城市土地利用和城市扩张的环境效应等方面的研究,同时应重视服务于决策和管理的应用研究,提高环境监测和实验分析的技术水平,开发和完善基于RS和GIS空间分析功能的LUCC及其效应模型,以更有效和精确地评估土地利用变化所导致的环境影响。

Land use and land cover change （LUCC） and its environmental effects are a hotspot of research in the last two decades. This paper summarized the major achievements and progresses in the research on the LUCC environmental effects in China and the world. Five aspects of LUCC effects were firstly discussed, including on atmosphere, soil, water, forest/biodiversity as well as farmland/human health, and then the methodologies and models of assessing the LUCC environmental effects were introduced. Finally, possible problems and future research focus were discussed. The research should be enhanced on integrated assessment of environmental effect of LUCC, the effect of urban land use and urban sprawl, and development of technologies for data collection and modeling.