世界铁资源利用现状述评

REVIEWS ON STATUS OF WORLD'S IRON ORE RESOURCE USE

本文概述了当前世界铁资源分布状况和国内铁矿床勘查与研究最新进展。认为全球铁矿资源丰富,但分布相对集中,主要集中在巴西、澳大利亚、俄罗斯、加拿大等国的十几处铁矿集中区,它们同时也是主要铁矿生产和出口国家。铁矿成因类型较多,主要类型单一,全球以沉积变质型矿床为主;中国则以沉积变质型和岩浆型为主。中国铁矿资源储量和产量都位居世界前列,但是国产铁矿石远远不能满足需要,铁矿石进口受制于国外矿业巨头。这对中国是挑战和机遇,因此中国必须坚持开发与贸易并重,积极开拓海外矿业市场。建立世界矿业新秩序是解决我国铁矿资源瓶颈问题的关键。

This paper give a brief reviews of the distribution of iron ores globally and the advances in China＇s iron ore exploration and researches.The iron ores are abundant,with most concentrating in a few countries,like Brazil,Australia,Russia and Canada,etc,who are both iron ore producers and exporters.Iron ores have a diversified genesis but sole in major category,displaying as sedimentary-metamorphic deposits globally and as sedimentary-metamorphic deposits and magmatic deposits in China.China ranks ahead in iron ore resource and production,but can not meet its appetite.The import of iron ores are subject to foreign mining giants,which is a challenge and opportunity.China shall give a balance between development and trading,and open the foreign mining market.A new world mining order is a key point to China＇s iron ore bottleneck.