职业韧性研究述评

General Review on Career Resilience

职业韧性是职业开发领域中的一个新概念,是个体适应变化的职业环境或从职业逆境中回弹的能力。职业韧性的定义可分为结果性、品质性和过程性三种。有影响力的职业韧性模型主要有London模型、Collard模型、Pulley模型、Conner模型。职业韧性的影响因素有人口学变量、个人特征变量和工作环境变量。未来的研究需要关注职业韧性的结构、测量,注重采用实验或长时研究探索因果关系。

The concept of career resilience, which is a quite new term in the field of career development, is generally defined as the ability to adapt to changing work environment, or to bounce back from one＇s career adversities. There are various definitions of career resilience, which were classified into three types, i.e., quality （or trait）, outcome, process in this paper. Four prevalent models of career resilience, i.e., the Model of London, the Model of Collard, the Model of Pulley, the Model of Conner, were introduced. The antecedent factors of career resilience include demographic variables, personal characteristic variables and work environment variables. For future research, more attention should be paid to career resilience＇ structure and measurement, and experimental and longitudinal researches should be adopted to explore career resilience＇s causes and effects.