履带起重机起臂过程动力学分析

Dynamical analysis on boom-lifting process for crawler cranes

基于有限元分析技术,建立臂架的有限元模型,在ANSYS软件中对履带起重机的起臂过程进行动力学分析.用LINK180单元模拟变幅拉板,利用其在温度载荷下的变形特性,通过设置相关的线性热膨胀系数和温度载荷,使单元长度匀速缩短,带动臂头,完成起臂控制.以位移约束的方法代替常规载荷约束的方法,解决了起臂过程模拟中,由于拉板力大小和方向随时间不断变化,无法定义载荷步的问题.ANSYS软件结构动力学分析模块中含有瞬态分析模块,可对履带起重机起臂的动态过程进行模拟和有限元分析,为实际的履带起重机起臂调试过程提供参考.

Based on the finite element analysis（FEA） technology,a finite element model,together with the boom-lifting process analysis via ANSYSTM,is investigated on a boom frame.By using the LINK 180 element-simulation luffing tension-plate,the deformation properties are obtained through temperature loadings.Pertaining to appropriate linear thermal-expansion coefficients and temperature loads,the element length will be shortened with a constant speed to move the boom head and control the boom-lifting process.In this study,the traditional loading constraint is replaced by the displacement constraint.This resolves the definition problem of loading steps due to time-based variable force values and directions of tension-plate.Because the transient analysis module is included in the dynamical structure-analysis module of ANSYSTM software,the boom-lifting simulation and finite element analysis can be accordingly conducted for crawler cranes.Therein,this approach sets a reference to actual boom-lifting debugging process.