氧化三甲胺的代谢特征及其在鱼饲料生产中的应用

The Metabolic Characteristics of Trimethylamine Oxide and Its Application in Fish Feed Production

对氧化三甲胺及相关脂肪族胺衍生物的特征与代谢变化进行了分析和总结。氧化三甲胺是鱼的鲜味成分,具有很好的诱鱼效果,但是三甲胺、二甲胺、甲胺却是鱼腐败的恶臭成分。氧化三甲胺与三甲胺及其相关脂肪族胺衍生物之间的代谢变化是受到相关酶调控的,可以通过控制相关酶的活性或减少微生物污染,来减少三甲胺、二甲胺、甲胺等脂肪族胺衍生物的产生;也可以通过投喂含有胆碱或磷脂酰胆碱的饲料,间接地提高鱼体内氧化三甲胺的含量,进一步改进提升现有鱼粉及相关饲料的质量和饲养效果。

The metabolic characteristics of trimethylamine oxide and its related aliphatic amines derivatives were reviewed.Trimethylamine oxide is one of the substances which caused the umami of fish,and it is also an excellent ingredient for luring fish,however,its derivatives are the nauseous ingredients of fish such as trimethylamine,dimethylamine,methylamine.The transformation between the trimethylamine oxide and its aliphatic amine derivatives were regulated by related enzymes.The productions of trimethylamine,dimethylamine and methylamine content could be reduced by controlling the enzymes＇ activities and the microbial contamination.In addition,the choline or phosphatidylcholine could be added into the fish feed to enhance the trimethylamine oxide content in fish indirectly.Thus,it is very useful to improve the fish feed quality and the feeding effects.