政府对新生社会组织的催化与公共服务社会化

Government's Catalytic Role in NGOs and Socialization of Public Services

公共服务社会化可以采用竞争性模式,也可以采用非竞争性模式。无论哪种模式,公共服务社会化都需要社会组织的发展,而社会组织在初创期的发展通常要解决资金和能力建设两大难题。从国际经验来看,政府通过资助性投入或资助性购买来扶植和培育新生社会组织的发展,往往可以解决社会组织发展所需要的资金问题。从能力建设的角度看,社会组织的发展也离不开政府的培育和支持。以"上海社区公益创投"为案例,提出了政府在资金支持的同时"催化"社会组织能力建设的一些建议和对策。政府通过资金支持和能力培育两个方面的努力而发挥其对新生社会组织的独特催化作用,产生一箭多雕的效果:推动社会组织以及整个公民社会的发展,推动公共服务社会化的发展,进而通过社会化的方式提高政府公共服务产品的丰富多样性和质量。这无论对社会建设还是对政府发展都是有益无害的。

Socialization of public services can be implemented within either the competitive model or the non-competitive model.It requires the development of social organizations no matter which model is taken.At the very beginning,newly growing organizations（NGOs） have to solve the problem of insufficient funds and to strengthen their capacity building.According to the experience from abroad,purchasing service contracts is the main way for the government to solve the NGOs＇ fund problem.Simultaneously,we introduce the case of ＂Shanghai Community Venture Philanthropy＂ to explain what can be done to not only provide financial support,but also capacity building support for NGOs.By using the two catalytic methods,we can see multiple effects： the development of NGOs,the expansion of civil society,the growth of socialization of public services and the promotion of the quality of public services.Thus,it is concluded that the government＇s catalytic role in NGOs is beneficial to both social construction and government development.