农村土地流转与社会阶层的重构

The Rural Land Transfer and the Reconstruction of Society Class

20世纪90年代中期以后,农村出现大规模人口流动和职业分殊,农村土地开始在村社内部自发流转。自发土地流转使土地相对集中在某些农户手中,他们耕种着中等规模的土地,拥有中等水平的收入,成为农村中的"中间阶层"。农村中的中间阶层由于其自身秉性,在农村中扮演着重要的角色,是农村稳定的根基,也是国家政权的基本支持力量。但是近年来激进的、大规模的土地流转又使得中间阶层趋于瓦解。为此,政府应积极鼓励、引导、规范村社内部自发的土地流转,减少激进的、大规模的土地流转。

After the 1990s, the large-scale population movement and rural vocational differentiation occurred in rural areas, and the rural land began to transfer spontaneously. The internal spontaneous land transfer concentrates the land in the hands of some peasants, who are fanning the medium-sized land, earning the income of middle level and becoming the middle peasant class in the rural areas. Because of its mettle, the middle peasant class plays an important role in the rural areas, which is the foundation for the stability in rural areas and the basic support power of the state. However, in recent years, the radical and large-scale land transfer has made the middle peasant class collapsed. Therefore, the government should actively encourage, guide and regulate the internal spontaneous land transfer and reduce the radical and large-scale land transfer.