山东沿海居民高尿酸血症及痛风五年随访研究

A five years follow up study on patients with gout and hyperuricemia

目的 与2004年结果相比较,明确目前山东沿海地区20岁以上居民高尿酸血症（HUA）与痛风的患病情况及其影响因素.方法 采用随机（随机数字表法）、分层、整群抽样的方法,入户调查青岛、烟台、威海、日照、东营5 191名长住居民HUA与痛风的患病情况.结果 （1）与2004年相比,2009年无论男性还是女性,人群整体血尿酸水平均有增高趋势.（2）按照统一人口标化后,2009年HUA患病标化率为16.99%,比2004年增加3.72%;其中男性增加4.57%、女性增加3.33%.（3）痛风患病标化率为1.36%,比2004年增加0.26%;其中男性降低0.45%,女性增加0.85%.（4）与2004年比较,目前30岁以下男性人群的HUA患病率最高,50-岁年龄组为最低.同样30岁以下女性人群中HUA患病率也较2004年明显增高,70-岁患病率最高.（5）与2004年相比,男性痛风患病率40-岁年龄组为最高.女性30岁以下年龄组较2004年明显增加,70-岁患病率最高.（6）logistic回归分析显示每日海产品摄入量、肉类产品摄入量、啤酒和烈酒摄入量均为HUA和痛风独立危险因素.结论 与2004年相比,人群整体血尿酸水平、HUA和痛风患病率均有增高趋势,且呈明显年轻化,以女性增加显著;膳食因素对HUA和痛风发病有明显影响,海产品、肉类产品、啤酒和白酒每日摄入量为HUA独立危险因素.

Objective To determine the prevalence and risk factors of hyperuricemia （HUA） and gout among residents aged≥20 years in Shandong coastal areas compared with the results of 2004. Methods A randomized stratified cluster sampling was conducted, and 5 191 inhabitants were investigated for prevalences of HUA and gout in Qingdao, Yantai, Weihai, Rizhao, and Dongying. Results （1）The level of serum uric acid had the tendency to increase in both males and females in 2009 compared with that in 2004. （2）According to the uniform population standardization, the standardized prevalence of HUA was 16.99%in 2009. The standardized rate increased by 3.72%compared to 2004, being 4.57%in males and 3.33%in females. （3） The standardized prevalence of gout was 1.36%. Compared with that in 2004, the standardized rate increased by 0.26%, decreased by 0.45%in males while increased by 0.85%in females. （4） Compared to 2004, the prevalence of HUA among males aged≤30 years was the highest, whereas aged between 50 years and 60 years was the lowest at present. （5） Currently, the prevalence of HUA among females aged≤30 years was significantly higher than that of 2004, and aged≥70 years was the highest. （6） Logistic regression analysis showed that the amount of daily intake of seafood, meat, beer, and liquor were independent risk factors of HUA and gout. Conclusions Compared to 2004, the level of serum uric acid and the prevalence of HUA and gout show a tendency to increase among younger in the population surveyed in 2009, significant in female. Dietary factors exert significant effects on the development of HUA and gout. The amount of daily intake of seafood, meat, beer, and liquor are independent risk factors of HUA and gout.