欠发达地区贫困大学生心理健康与应对方式、社会支持的调查研究

Relationship between Mental Health and Social Support or Coping Style among Poor College Students in Less Developed Regions

目的了解欠发达地区贫困大学生心理健康状况与社会支持、应对方式的关系,为高校贫困大学生心理卫生工作提供依据。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、领悟社会支持评定量表、简易应对方式问卷对安顺学院大学生进行问卷调查,对276份有效问卷进行分析。结果贫困大学生心理健康水平与朋友支持相关较高,应对方式影响大学生的心理健康水平;80后和90后贫困大学生在抑郁、焦虑、人际关系和敌对因子存在显著差异(t值分别为-2.20,-2.50,2.40,-2.22;P<0.05);多元逐步回归分析发现,朋友支持、积极应对和消极应对能够预测心理健康。结论社会支持、应对方式与心理健康存在关联。需改善贫困大学生的社会支持系统,引导他们采用积极的应对方式。

Objective To study the relationship between mental health and social support or coping style among poor college students in less developed regions,and to provide bases for poor college students＇mental health education and counseling.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among poor college students in Anshun college by SCL-90,SCSQ and PSSS.Data of 276 students were analyzed.Results A high correlation was found between mental health and friend support,coping style effected the mental health of poor college students;there were significant differences in depression,anxiety,interpersonal relationships and hostile factors of post-80s and post-90s（t=-2.20,-2.5,2.40,-2.22;P0.05）;multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that friend support,positive and negative coping impacted on mental health.Conclusion There is a correlation between mental health and social support or coping style.Social support system should be improved and positive coping styles should be guided.Mental health education and counseling should be strengthened for poor college students.