1Roediger H L,Karpicke J D. The power of testing memory:bas ic research and implications for educational practice. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 2006,1 (3) : 181-210.
3Shana K..Carpenter, Harold Pashler, Johnt. Wixted, and Edwardul . The effects of tests on learning and forgetting[J]. Memory & Cognition,2008(2) :438-448.
4SHANA K. CARPENTER, HAROLD PASHLER, NICHO- LAS J. CEPEDA . Using Tests to Enhance 8th Grade Students' Retent of U. S. History Facts[J]. Appl. Cognit. Psychology. 2009(23 ) :760-771.
5HENRY L. ROEDIGER III and KATHLEEN B. McDER MOTT,Examining the Testing Effect with Open--and Closed --Book Tests,Appl[J]. Cognit. Psychol. 2008(22):861-876.
6Kang S H K,McDermott K B,Roediger H L. Test format andcorrective feedback modulate the effect of testing on memoryretention[J]. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 2007, 19(4):528-558.
7Andrew C. Butler And Henry 1, Roediger iii . Feedback enhances the positive effects and reduces the negative effects of multiplechoice testing[J]. Memory & Cognition. 2008, 36 (3) :604-616.
8Holec, H. Autonomy in foreign language learning[M]. Oxford: Pergamon, 1981:1-33.