南水北调东线工程里运河宝应段和高邮段钉螺监测

Surveillance of Oncomelania hupensis snails in Baoying and Gaoyou sections of Li Canal in east route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project

目的了解南水北调东线工程里运河宝应、高邮段钉螺分布和扩散动态。方法用回顾性调查法了解里运河宝应和高邮段钉螺历史分布情况,用常规调查法及水体打捞、诱螺法监测河岸、水体钉螺分布。结果里运河最早于1955年在高邮段发现钉螺,里运河钉螺分布最北端位于运河西堤东坡宝应地龙渡口。2001-2010年对里运河高邮段动态监测表明,现有钉螺呈低密度、小面积波动,分布范围在119°24′36″~119°25′34″、32°48′30″~32°54′05″。2006-2010年里运河宝应、高邮段打捞漂浮物和诱螺监测均未发现钉螺。结论迄今为止尚无证据表明里运河钉螺发生北移扩散,但长期开展南水北调东线钉螺和血吸虫病监测十分必要。

Objective To understand the distribution and diffusion of Oncomelania hupensis snails in the Baoying and Gaoyou sections of the Li Canal in the east route of the South to North Water Diversion Project.Methods The retrospective survey method was used to investigate the distribution and diffusion of snails in the Baoying and Gaoyou sections of the Li Canal,the con-ventional survey and the methods of salvage of water and attracting snails were used to detect the distribution of snails in river banks and water.Results The earliest findings of snails in the Gaoyou section of the Li Canal was in 1955,the northernmost dis-tribution of snails was Dilong ferry at the west dam and east slope of the Li Canal.The dynamic surveillance in the Gaoyou section of the Li Canal from 2001 to 2010 showed that the snail status was of low density and low fluctuation of area,and the distribution range was 119°24 ＇ 36 ″-119°25 ＇ 34 ″,32°48 ＇ 30 ″-32°54 ＇ 05 ″.From 2006 to 2010,the snails were not found by the methods of salvage of water and attracting snails in the surveillance in the Baoying and Gaoyou sections of the Li Canal.Conclusions So far,there is no evidence showing that the snails spread to northward in the Li Canal,however,it is still necessary to carry out the sur-veillance of snails and schistosomiasis in the east route of the South to North Water Diversion Project.