魔芋辐照接枝物凝胶的水分状态和结构分析

WATER STALE AND STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF KONJAC IRRADIATION COPOLYMER

为研究辐照接枝制备的魔芋吸水材料性能,对材料的吸水倍数、速度、保水性进行了测定,并采用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、透射电镜(TEM)技术表征材料凝胶态水分含量和形貌结构。结果表明,常温下材料吸自来水速度最大可达16g·g-1.min-1,60min时吸水倍数达400倍。吸水倍数受粒度、温度、离子浓度、离子类型的影响,并以离子类型影响较大。保水率受温度和时间的影响,充分吸胀后,自然条件下15 d可保持水分35%。结构分析表明,产物吸胀后有效水含量为99.617%,其凝胶形貌为大小不等的球状物连接,折叠缠绕,形成螺旋状立体结构,球的直径在20～50nm之间,而未接枝的魔芋为50～150nm大小不等的凝胶块组成均匀的网状体系。魔芋辐照接枝材料具有优良的吸水性能。

To study the absorption performance of Konjac-AA copolymer prepared by using irradiation,the water absorption capacity,sorbent speed and water keepingability were determined,DSC and TEM analysis were used to investigate the water content and structure characters.The results showed that the largest water absorption speed was 16g·g-1·min-1at room temperature,and the largest water absorption was 400 times within 60minutes.The water absorption was affected by granularity,temperature,ion content and ion type,especially the ion type.the water keepingability was affected by temperature and time,which was up to 35% of absorbed water when the fully water absorbed copolymer was kept under room temperature for 15d.The free and bounder water content which could be assimilated by the plants was 99.617%.The water stale copolymer has a three-dimensional spiral structure.