镇江部分食用农产品污染物调查

Investigation about pollutants in edible agricultural products in Zhenjiang

目的了解镇江肿瘤观察区和对照区产农产品污染物状况,为筛查肿瘤危险因素提供参考。方法应用国家标准规定方法检测农产品中铅、镉、汞、黄曲霉毒素、残留农药。结果 91份样品,检出铅38份、镉44份、汞21份,观察区与对照区金属污染物检出率差异无统计学意义,铅、汞检出量差异无统计学意义,镉检出量差异有统计学意义。原粮24份2,份检出黄曲霉毒素B1,黄曲霉毒素B2、G1、G2均未检出。检测原粮、蔬菜、水果、茶叶农药残留为24份、48份、12份、7份,分别检出农药11份、30份、3份、3份。检出的农药有乐果、毒死蜱、甲胺磷、敌敌畏、马拉硫磷、克百威、三氯杀螨醇、甲基毒死蜱、莠去津等。两区农产品农药检出率差异无统计学意义,检出量差异有统计学意义。两区原粮、蔬菜农药检出量比较差异有统计学意义,两区有机磷农药检出量与肿瘤调查结果呈正相关r=0.97,有剂量-效应关系。结论镇江地产农产品镉与农药污染可能是影响村民健康的潜在危险因素之一。

Objective To understand the situation of pollutants in agricultural products from two regions in Zhenjiang with different cancer incidence,so as to provide evidence for reducing risk factors of cancer.Methods Lead,cadmium,mercury,aflatoxin and pesticides in agricultural food products were examined.Results Lead,cadmium,mercury were detected in 38,44 and 21 of 91 agricultural samples,respectively.There was no difference on the detection rate of metal pollutants between two regions.The amount of lead,mercury detected was not significantly different,but the amount of cadmium detected was different between two regions（P0.01）.Alatoxin B1 was detected in 2 samples,and B2,G1,G2 were not detected in 24 raw grain samples.Pesticide residues were detected in 11,30,3 and 3 from 24,48,12 and 7 raw grains,vegetables,fruits and tea samples,respectively.The pesticides detected were dimethoate,chlorpyrifos,methamidophos,dichlorvos,malathion,carbofuran,dicofol,chlorpyrifos-methyl and atrazine,etc.The detection rate of pesticide residues in agricultural food products was not different between the two regions,but the amount of pesticides detected was different between the two regions（P0.05）.The detection rate of pesticides in raw grains and vegetables were significantly different between the two regions（P0.05）.There was a positive correlation（r= 0.97） of organophosphorus pesticides with the cancer prevalence in the two regions,which showed a dose-effect relationship.Conclusion The contamination of cadmium and pesticide to agricultural food products might have some influence on the prevalence of cancer.