湖南汉族10对单基因遗传性状的调查分析

Investigation on 10 Single Gene Genetic Characters of Han Nationality in Hunan Province,China

对300(男150,女150)例湖南汉族学生的10对遗传性状(上眼睑皱褶、耳垂、前额发际、耳盯聍、鼻孔形状、蒙古褶、达尔文节、鼻梁侧面观、折舌、卷舌)进行了调查分析.结果表明,上眼睑、蒙古褶、达尔文节、折舌、卷舌的显性频率超过50%,各性状基因频率无明显的性别差异;10对遗传性状中,前额发际同时与耳垂、耳盯聍、蒙古褶具有明显的相关性,以及蒙古褶与达尔文节彼此明显相关;与国内其他群体比较,湖南汉族上眼睑皱褶与鼻梁侧面观的显性频率相对较高,而耳垂与鼻孔形状的显性频率相对较低;通过不同汉族群体的聚类分析,发现湖南汉族的遗传性状分布与贵州汉族、山西汉族最相似.

A sample including 300 students（150 males,150 females）was investigated on 10 single gene genetic characters（eye fold of the upper eyelid,ear lob,forehead hair-edge point,earwax,nostril type,Mongoloid fold,Darwin knot,nasal profile,folding and rolling tongues）of Han in Hunan province.The results showed,the dominant frequency of eye fold of the upper eyelid was more than 50%,and that of Mongoloid fold,Darwin knot,folding and rolling tongues was so,respectively.And there was no sexaul significant differences for gene frequencies on each character.There was a significant correlation between forehead hair-edge point and ear lob,earwax,Mongoloid fold,respectively.And the correlation was higher between Mongoloid fold and Darwin knot.Compared with other domestic groups,the dominant frequencies of eye fold of the upper eyelid and nasal profile were higher,while that of ear lob and nostril type were lower on Han in Hunan.The distribution of genetic traits on Han in Hunan was most similar to that of in Guizhou and Shanxi with cluster analysis on Han population from different regions.