寄生虫病综合防治5种健康教育传播方式的应用与效果

Application and evaluation on five health education patterns of integrated control for parasitic diseases

目的探索寄生虫病综合防治的健康教育传播方式并观察其效果。方法在示范区采取雨淋式、浇灌式、喷洒式、涌泉式、滴灌式5种方式开展健康教育,在干预前后对人群卫生知识、卫生行为及寄生虫感染率的改变情况进行比较和分析。结果 5种传播方式共覆盖504.29万人次,人群卫生知识平均知晓率从45.11%上升至95.99%,上升了112.80%;卫生行为平均合格率从55.26%上升至98.79%,上升了78.78%;土源性线虫感染率从35.88%下降至7.75%,下降了78.39%;华支睾吸虫感染率从41.43%下降至6.99%,下降了83.13%。结论多种传播方式的健康教育对提高人群卫生知识,改善卫生行为,降低寄生虫感染率有明显效果。

Objective To explore the strategy of health education in demonstration plots for controlling the infections of soil-transmitted helminthes（STH） and Clonorchis sinensis.Methods Health education patterns including ＂raining＂,＂irrigating＂,＂spraying＂,＂spring＂,＂drop irrigating＂ patterns were conducted in demonstration zones.Before and after the health education,the questionnaire designed referring to the standard of KAP was carried out in residents and students.The infection rates of parasitic diseases were compared.Results From 2007 to 2009,the health education was conducted to 5 042 900 person-times in 10 demonstration plots.The awareness rate of relevant hygiene knowledge was 95.99%,and the rate of hygiene way in their daily life was 98.79% in 2009,which increased by 112.80% and 78.78% respectively when comparing with those in 2007.The average infection rate of STH was 7.75%,reduced by 78.39%;and the average infection rate of Clonorchis sinensis was 6.99%,reduced by 83.13%.Conclusions The strategy of health education in demonstration plots can raise public awareness of relevant hygiene knowledge and improve the practice in hygiene way.The behavior change can lead to the reduction of re-infection of parasitic diseases.