猪排泄地点选择及其对圈栏污染程度的影响

Selection site of pigs excretion and its effects on pollution extent of pen

该文论述了影响猪排泄地点的选择和圈栏内污染程度的各种环境(温度、湿度、光、气流速度、垫草)、设备布局(圈栏尺寸、形状、设备相对位置、隔栏方式)、管理(调教、喂料)等因素,并对评价圈栏内污染程度的方法进行探讨。旨在指导科学布置圈栏,将圈栏设计成长窄形,漏缝地板设在短向一侧;并尽量育成和育肥分开饲养,避免在育成阶段饲养面积偏大;通过工程手段实现漏缝地板处和躺卧区在温度和气流速度上的差异,以实现猪群在局部漏缝地板排泄。在生产管理中,避免饲养密度过大;通过通风系统控制圈栏内的温度以及空气污染;转群时进行调教,喂料有规律并对疾病进行及时诊断和治疗,都能降低圈栏污染程度,以实现真正意义的清洁生产。

In this paper,many factors including environmental factors(temperature,humidity,light,air current and pad- ding),management factors(training,feeding)and layout of a pen(proportion,shape and partition type)affecting elimi- nation area preference and pen dirtiness of domestic pigs are discussed.To let swine eliminate in partial slatted floor,it needs reasonable pen proportion and the partial slatted floor should be put in the shorter side.Growing and fatting swine should be in separated pens avoiding overmuch area in growing stage.The higher temperature and lower air current in ly- ing area will urge swine to eliminate in the dunging area.Otherwise,appropriate space allowance,toilet training,aera- tion,regular feeding,and timely disease controlling reduce the pen dirtiness to carry out cleanly raising system.