累托石粘土的钠化与应用研究

SODIUM METASOMATISM OF RECTORITE CLAY AND A STUDY ON ITS APPLICATION

累托石是二八面体云母和二八面体蒙脱石1∶1规则间层矿物。本文研究了累托石粘土的钠化条件和机理,并借助物理和化学分析,X—射线衍射分析、差热和红外吸收分析等方法对钠化累托石粘土的特性进行了探讨;试验表明,钠化累托石dool由原来的2.46nm变至2.23nm。拟定了一种适合天然累托石粘土钠化的新型工艺流程。该工艺具有钠化效果好,工艺简便,能耗低,经济效益明显等优点。河南油田的钻井试验证明,按本工艺生产的716—SR钠化累托石粘土具有造浆率高(20～25m^3/t)。滤失量小(9～12ml/30min),动塑比低(0.5～3.0)。它的各项指标均达到API13A标准,并优于传统的钠基膨泥浆材料。钠化累托石作钻井泥浆材料,还具有操作方便,不需予水化,随配随用,提高钻井速度,节省钻头,减少环境污染等优点。它是一种新型的优质泥浆材料。此外,钠化累托石粘土,还可用于作“榻榻米”席草染土,涂料悬浮剂、电焊条药皮材料,高压电瓷结合粘土,无机凝胶,有机累托石和交联累托石等。钠化累托石粘土是一种具有良好开发前景的新型材料。本文对钠化累托石的命名提出了建议。

Rectorite is a regularly interstified mineral of dioctachedral mica and dioctachedral mont-morillonite in a ratio of 1:1. The conditions and mechanism of Sodium metasomatism of rec-torite clay are studied in this paper. The properties of Sodium metasomatic rectorite were ex-plored by physical and chemical analysis, X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis, in-frared absorption techniques, etc. An experiment showed that the base plane spacing-d001 of Sodium metasomatic rectorite decreasing from 2.46nm to 2.23nm. A new type of technolo-gy flowsheet of Sodium metasomatism of rectorite clay was worked out. This flowsheet has advantages of well results of Sodium metasomatism, simple process, less investment and bet-ter economic benefits, etc. The experiment in Henan oil field showed that 716-SR Sodium metasomatic rectorite clay made by the technology flowsheet had the characterestics of high mud yield(20～25m^3/t), low filtrate volume(9～12ml/30min). low ratio of yield point to plastic vicosity(0.5～3.0) and high-temperature resistance, etc. Its technical indices are up to API 13A, and quality is superior to the traditional Na-bentonite for drilling fluids. As a new type material for drilling fluids, Sodium metasomatic rectorite can be immediately used without again pretreatment. And it will save time and labour, can raise the speed of drilling, can save drill bit and decrease pollution of inviroment. It is a new type of high grade material for drilling fluids. In addition, Sodium metasomatic rectorite might be used as dyed clay for “Tata-mi”mat straw, as suspension agent of steel casting, as the material of welding agent, as the bonding clay of electroceramics of high voltage; and it can also be made into inorganic gel, organic rectorite and cross-linked rectorite, etc. Sodium metasomatic rectorite is a new material which prospects well. At last, the genotype dividing of the rectorite minerals and the nomenclature of the Sodi-um metasomatic rectorite were recommended.